Electronic Media 

1. Picture capturing:

Rule: 1 ‘Pictures don’t lie – or so we think’

It is believed that a photograph is similar to, in shape and size, what the eye sees. As photographs are committed to truth, sensitivity to situations and people must be balanced, where there may be following elements: grief, death, embarrassment, possible negative stereotyping of groups, youth, cruelty and sorrow.

Rule: 2 “No change in the picture”

Photojournalism is having examples of photo manipulation. Many photographers in the history have been accused of manipulating various people, certain elements of composition or the whole photograph itself as to enhance its impact. 

2. Personal ethics while shooting an Emergency scene:

There are some ethics to shoot an emergency scene that lies with the journalist’s own wisdom of morals and the compassion for victims regarding any sort of tragedy.

There is an accurate way to photograph rescues, crashes and fires without adding extras on the victims. No interference with the rescue operation is appreciable. Use of long lens helps capture excellent images. It can restrict from causing a distraction to the workers. Photographing a deceased victim is not news worthy and it can appear insensitive. Discrete approach should be followed for capturing an event.

3. NPPA (National Press Photographers Association) codes of ethics:

• Accurately represent subjects.

• Do not be manipulated by staged photos.

• Avoid bias and stereotyping in work; provide complete information and context.

• Show consideration for subjects.

• Avoid influencing the actions of the photographic subject.

• Editing should not give the wrong impression of the subjects in the photograph.

• Do not compensate persons involved in photographs or in getting a photograph.

• Do not accept gifts or other favors from those involved in a photo.

• Do not purposely interfere with the work of other journalists.

4. Legal considerations

Legal considerations in ethical approaches to objectivity contain What to shoot? How to frame? How to edit are constant considerations?

Often, ethical conflicts can be enhanced by actions of a picture editor who takes control of the imagery once they have been sent to the news organization. 

5. Victims of Violence

Many viewers are often offended and repulsed after an awful image of dead or grieving victims is presented to them. Nevertheless, violence and tragedy are necessary in journalism. "If it bleeds, it leads" is a well-liked, unspoken sentiment in numerous newsrooms. The reason behind is that a majority of viewers are attracted through such stories. It should be reported but not in a way that can create fear or fuss. Rather than concentrating on bloody body bags, there is a need to explain the causal social forces behind such tragic events.

6. Right to Privacy

Celebrities or ordinary citizens always voice privacy concerns. In this regard private citizens have much more firmly enforced rights to their privacy than celebrities. Celebrities often ask for media attention so their privacy is intruded.